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Agriculture
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Transport/Utilities
Wholesale
Retail
Finance, Insurance, Real
Estate (FIRE)
Services
Agriculture
This sector includes establishments primarily engaged in agricultural
production, forestry, commercial fishing, hunting and trapping,
and related services.
The classification of agricultural production covers establishments
(e.g., farms, ranches, dairies, greenhouses, nurseries, orchards,
hatcheries) primarily engaged in the production of crops,
plants, vines, or trees (excluding forestry operations); and
the keeping, grazing, or feeding of livestock for the sale
of livestock or livestock products (including serums). Livestock
as used here includes cattle, sheep, goats, hogs, and poultry.
Also included are animal specialties, such as horses, rabbits,
bees, pets, fur-bearing animals in captivity, and fish in
captivity. Agricultural production also includes establishments
primarily engaged in the operation of sod farms, cranberry
bogs, and poultry hatcheries; in the production of mushrooms,
bulbs, flower seeds, and vegetable seeds; and in the growing
of hydroponic crops.
The classification of agricultural services includes establishments
primarily engaged in supplying soil preparation services,
crop services, landscape and horticultural services, veterinary
and other animal services, and farm labor and management services.
The classification of forestry covers establishments primarily
engaged in the operation of timber tracts, tree farms, or
forest nurseries; in the gathering of forest products; or
in performing forestry services, but not logging,
The classification of fishing and hunting and trapping covers
establishments primarily engaged in commercial fishing (including
shellfish and marine products); in operating fish hatcheries
and fish and game preserves; and in commercial hunting and
trapping.
Mining
This sector includes all establishments primarily engaged
in mining. The term mining is used in the broad sense to include
the extraction of minerals occurring naturally: solids, such
as coal and ores; liquids, such as crude petroleum; and gases
such as natural gas. The term mining is also used to include
quarrying, well operations, milling (e.g., crushing, screening,
washing, flotation), and other preparation customarily done
at the mine site, or as a part of mining activity. Exploration
and development of mineral properties are included.
Mining operations are classified, by industry, on the basis
of the principal mineral produced, or, if there is no production,
on the basis of the principal mineral for which exploration
or development work is in process.
Construction
This sector includes establishments primarily engaged in construction.
The term construction includes new work, additions, alterations,
reconstruction, installations, and repairs. Construction activities
are generally administered or managed from a relatively fixed
place of business, but the actual construction work is performed
at one or more different sites.
Three broad types of construction activity are covered: (1)
building construction by general contractors or by operative
builders; (2) heavy construction other than building by general
contractors and special trade contractors; and (3) construction
activity by other special trade contractors. Special trade
contractors are primarily engaged in specialized construction
activities, such as plumbing, painting, and electrical work,
and work for general contractors under subcontract or directly
for property owners. General contractors usually assume responsibility
for an entire construction project, but may subcontract to
others all of the actual construction work or those portions
of the project that require special skills or equipment.
Building construction general contractors are primarily engaged
in the construction of dwellings, office buildings, stores,
farm buildings, and other building construction projects.
Operative builders who build on their own account for resale
are also included in this sector, but investment builders
who build structures on their own account for rental are classified
in the FIRE sector.
General contractors and special trade contractors for heavy
construction other than building are primarily engaged in
the construction of highways; pipelines, communications and
power lines, and sewer and water mains; and other heavy construction
projects. Special trade contractors are classified in heavy
construction other than building if they are primarily engaged
in activities such as grading for highway and airport runways;
guardrail construction; installation of highway signs; asphalt
and concrete construction of roads, highways, streets and
public sidewalks; trenching; cable laying; conduit construction;
underwater rock removal; pipeline wrapping; or land clearing
and leveling.
Other special trade contractors undertake activities of a
type that are either specialized to building construction
or may be undertaken for building or non-building projects.
These activities include painting (including bridge painting
and traffic lane painting) and electrical work (including
work on bridges, power lines and power plants).
The installation of prefabricated building equipment and materials
by general and special trade contractors is classified in
this sector.
Manufacturing
The manufacturing sector includes establishments engaged in
the mechanical or chemical transformation of materials or
substances into new products. These establishments are usually
described as plants, factories, or mills and characteristically
use power driven machines and materials handling equipment.
Establishments engaged in assembling component parts of manufactured
products are also considered manufacturing if the new product
is neither a structure nor other fixed improvement. Also included
is the blending of materials, such as lubricating oils, plastics
resins, or liquors.
The materials processed by manufacturing establishments include
products of agriculture, forestry, fishing, mining, and quarrying
as well as products of other manufacturing establishments.
The new product of a manufacturing establishment may be finished
in the sense that it is ready for utilization or consumption,
or it may be semi-finished to become a raw material for an
establishment engaged in further manufacturing.
Transport/Utilities
This sector includes establishments providing, to the general
public or to other business enterprises, passenger and freight
transportation, communications services, or electricity, gas,
steam, water or sanitary services. Establishments of the United
States Postal Service are excluded from Area Vitality Profiles.
For many of the industries in this sector, the establishments
have activities, workers, and physical facilities distributed
over an extensive geographic area. For this sector, the establishment
is represented by a relatively permanent office, shop, station,
terminal, or warehouse, etc. that is either (1) directly responsible
for supervising such activities or (2) the base from which
personnel operate to carry out these activities. The establishments
classified in this sector furnish services to the general
public or to other business enterprises.
Wholesale
This sector includes establishments or places of business
primarily engaged in selling merchandise to retailers; to
industrial, commercial, institutional, farm, construction
contractors, or professional business users; or to other wholesalers;
or acting as agents or brokers in buying merchandise for or
selling merchandise to such persons or companies.
The chief functions of establishments included in the Wholesale
sector are selling goods to trading establishments, or to
industrial, commercial, institutional, farm, construction
contractors, or professional business users; and bringing
buyer and seller together. In addition to selling, functions
frequently performed by wholesale establishments include maintaining
inventories of goods; extending credit; physically assembling,
sorting, and grading goods in large lots; breaking bulk and
redistribution in smaller lots; delivery; refrigeration; and
various types of promotion such as advertising and label designing.
Retail
This sector includes establishments engaged in
selling merchandise for personal or household consumption
and rendering services incidental to the sale of the goods.
In general, retail establishments are classified by kind of
business according to the principal lines of commodities sold
(groceries, hardware, etc.), or the usual trade designation
(drug store, cigar store, etc.). Some of the important characteristics
of retail trade establishments are: the establishment is usually
a place of business and is engaged in activities to attract
the general public to buy; the establishment buys or receives
merchandise as well as sells; the establishment may process
its products, but such processing is incidental or subordinate
to selling; the establishment is considered as retail in the
trade; and the establishment sells to customers for personal
or household use. Not all of these characteristics need be
present.
For the most part, establishments engaged in retail trade
sell merchandise to the general public for personal or household
consumption.
Finance,
Insurance, Real Estate (FIRE)
This sector includes establishments
operating primarily in the fields of finance, insurance, and
real estate. Finance includes depository institutions, non-depository
credit institutions, holding (but not predominantly operating)
companies, other investment companies, brokers and dealers
in securities and commodity contracts, and security and commodity
exchanges. Insurance covers carriers of all types of insurance,
and insurance agents and brokers. Real estate includes owners,
lessors, lessees, buyers, sellers, agents, and developers
of real estate.
Services
This sector includes establishments primarily engaged in providing
a wide variety of services for individuals, business and government
establishments, and other organizations. Hotels and other
lodging places; establishments providing personal, business,
repair, and amusement services; health, legal, engineering,
and other professional services; educational institutions;
membership organizations, and other miscellaneous services,
are included.
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